Size: 31x22cm./12.2×8.6inch.
Weight: 1254gr./44.2oz.
Pages: 194
Year: 2000S
Book made in Turkmenistan, 2000. The book is in both the English and Turkmen language. Full of pictures.
After over a century of being a part of the Russian Empire and then the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan declared its independence on 27 October 1991, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Saparmurat Niyazov, a former official of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, ruled Turkmenistan from 1985, when he became head of the Communist Party of the Turkmen SSR, until his death in 2006.
He retained absolute control over the country. On 28 December 1999, Niyazov was declared President for Life of Turkmenistan by the Mejlis (parliament), which itself had taken office a week earlier in elections that included only candidates hand picked by President Niyazov. No opposition candidates were allowed. Since the December 2006 death of Niyazov, Turkmenistan’s leadership has made tentative moves to open up the country. His successor, President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, repealed some of Niyazov’s policies, including banning operas and circuses for being “insufficiently Turkmen”, though other such rules were later put into place such as the banning of non white cars. Berdimuhamedow was succeeded by his son Serdar in 2022.
